Реферат: Статья посвящена социологическому опросу респондентов по качеству гастроэнтерологической помощи на уровне поликлиники. Представлены основные результаты исследований.
Characterisation of carbonate pre-salt petroleum plays: Kazakhstan and Brasil case studies
Реферат: This paper describes pre-salt carbonate reservoirs in Kazakhstan and Brazil and their comparison between each other. It is important to emphasize that these two countries havesignificant pre-salt hydrocarbon reserves. Even their production statistics are similar. We considered in details comparison of the two biggest offshore fields Lula in Brazil Cmpos basin and Kashagan in Kazakhstan. Precaspian basin and Campos basin have much in common: salt layer as seal, high GOR, light oil, carbonate reservoirs and other parameters. We analyzed in details similarities and differences for two petroleum plays in order to select exploration criteria that could be used for successful exploration pre-salt plays around the world.
Ore minerals and microscopic investigation of Maykain B gold deposit
Реферат: Maykain B gold deposit finds alternative decision to extract more sufficient raw ore from underground mine. For this we should investigate completely mineralogy of ore occurrence under microscope because specific ore includes different minerals which we can extract from it what we need and more reserves as possible as we expect. The most important product of the deposit is gold. Gold is to remove difficultly and that meets pure shape very rarely. Therefore a gold of the deposit found in composition with several minerals pyrite, copper sulfide, lead, zinc and so on for example in one ton usually be 1-2 grams. According to last researching and evaluation reserve was proven that general reserve of mineral resource reaches 14 million tons and from it net gold attains 35 thousand tons. In 2004 was produced from the deposit approximately 300 kg gold, 5 tons silver and 500 tons zinc.
A new approach to the investigation of mathematical models of drilling of wells in the stationary mode
Реферат: In this paper, the mathematical model of drilling wells was received in the steady state, which under certain conditions to the input of the system generalizes already known closed system with respect to torque and axial force of E .K. Yunin. Open linear deterministic system initially eliminates the nonlinearities inherent in the previously mentioned closed system presented in the article. In addition, in this article was given the interpretation of a linear system in the form of E. O. Omrov\'s automata with inputs and outputs, with automata mappings. The paper also investigated the properties of the open-loop linear system controllability, observability and stability. The control system of technological process of drilling wells that presented in the paper allows significantly extend the class of the input parameters of the systems, that in the future will allow to find the optimal parameter of the initial, but in the closed form. In this paper developed programming software for solution of problems of this work.
Application and properties of new polymer composites based on products of petrochemical synthesis
Реферат: 5-Fluorouracil 5-FU-loaded polymer film for chemotherapy was prepared applying a super hydrophobic surface-based encapsulation technology. The aim of this study was to develop of new polymers based on refined petroleum products 5-FU,PVA and investigate of properties obtained forms for the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Polymer film of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol PVA in 45:25 ratios were prepared and treated with GA.FTIR spectra of 5-FU, chitosan/5-FU and chitosanӘPVA film loaded 5-FU were studied. The overall results confirm the synthesis of the chitosan/PVA film loaded 5-FU. The drug loading efficiency, film size and chemical compositions of the film loaded drug were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Implants of size 8. 1. 0,35 mm 3 were formed from polymer film.In vitro release kinetics of drug from the polymeric films was investigated to determine the drug release properties by UV-vis spectrophotometer. Obtained results showed that the drug was diffused practically completely into Ringer-Locke solution within 60-70 h. Compared with 250 mg/g to 500 mg/g of 5-FU, there was no significant effect on cumulative release of drug. Further uses of the film loaded 5-FU may provide an efficiency deliverable for ophthalmic administration.
The oxidation of uranium IV to VI in the presence of Mn III catalyst
Реферат: We have investigated the oxidation of uranium IV to VI in the presence of Mn III catalyst from the core of uranium ore deposits. We have developed a new method of catalytic oxidation of uranium IV to uranium VI in the presence of Mn III catalyst. The oxidation state of uranium is largely dependent on the initial concentration of sulfuric acid in solution. However, when the concentration of sulfuric acid 25 g/1, the oxidation of uranium reaches 100% regardless of the acidity of the solution. The oxidation of uranium depends on the ratio of solid: liquid. When the ratio of solid: liquid is equal 1:4, the oxidation of uranium reaches up to 100%. The oxidation state of uranium is only slightly dependent on the duration of the process. The influence of some parameters concentration of sulfuric acid, the ratio of solid: liquid, the duration of the process during the oxidation of uranium IV to VI in the presence of Mn III catalyst was studied. The mechanism of catalytic oxidation of uranium IV in the presence of Mn III catalyst were proposed. It was shown that Mn III effectively catalyzes the oxidation of uranium IV to uranium VI.
Development of an integrated method for chromium-containing groundwater treatment using in-situ reagent injection method
Реферат: The article reflects results of work on groundwater treatment from hexavalent chromium historical pollution on Ilek river valley, Aktobe region. In-situ method with direct injection into the formation of industrial solution that transforms the chemical reaction of toxic hexavalent chromium to trivalent nontoxic studied as the most effective one.
Study parameters of leaching metals from binary compounds by using combined electrochemical reactions
Реферат: Для разработки инновационных технологий, которые направлены на извлечение цветных, редких и благородных металлов из сложного, упорного минерального, техногенного и вторичного сырья с применением совмещенных электрохимических реакций необходимо исследовать механизм поведения различных соединений металлов при получении выщелачивающего агента и реакции извлечения металла в раствор в объеме одного реактора. В качестве источника для получения серосодержащих выщелачивающих агентов в растворе щелочи применялся композитный серографитовый электрод. В данной статье рассматриваются результаты экспериментов по извлечению меди и цинка из бинарных соединений. Приведены данные по влиянию параметров выщелачивания на извлечение металлов и на характеристики растворов рH, электропроводность, концентрация кислорода.
Биметаллические железо- и цирконийсодержащие катализаторы переработки С3-С4 алканов
Реферат: Исследованы биметаллические железо- и цирконий содержащие нанесенные на Al2О3 катализаторы для процесса переработки сжиженного нефтяного газа в легкие олефины. Установлено, что суммарный выход С2-С4 олефинов выше при высоких объемных скоростях подачи СНГ 600-750 ч-1 и составляет 59-63,3%. При W=600-750 ч-1 наблюдается максимальный выход пропилена 33%, при низких объемных скоростях 250-400 ч-1 - этилена 42%. Катализаторы с большей пористостью Сr-3%Fe/А12О3 - 0,342 см3/г, Cr-3% Zr/А12О3 - 0,315 см3/г. проявляют высокую активность и селективность по олефинам. Максимальный суммарный выход С2-С4-олефинов обнаружен на 5% Сr-3% Zr/А12О3 и составляет 69,4%. Высокий выход пропилена 33,2% при 600 С имеет место на 5% Cr-3% Fe/А12О3 катализаторе. Катализатор 5% Cr-0,5% Fe/А12О3 проявляет более высокую крекирующую активность. Методом электронной микроскопии, комбинированной с микродифракцией, установлено, что металлы в катализаторах присутствуют в виде оксидов. Железо образует различные соединения с хромом и носителем. Катализаторы дисперсные. 68 Исследована каталитическая система с большим содержанием железа 5% Cr-3% Fe/А12О3 методом мессбауэровской спектроскопии.
Conservation equation for onedimensional nonlinear nonstationary twelve moments system equations of boltzmann
Автор(ы): Sakabekov A.*Auzhani Y.*
Объем документа: С. 75-82
МРНТИ: 27.31*
Ключевые слова: дифференциальное уравнение*бесконечная система уровнений*краевая задача*разряженный газ*
Реферат: The Boltzmann equation is equivalent to an infinite system of partial differential equations relative to moments of particles distribution function due to completeness of system of eigenfunctions of linearized collision operator. As a rule the following study being limited by studying of a finite system of equations, because solving infinite system of equations is not possible. Finite system of moment equations for concrete problem can replace the Boltzmann equation with some degree of accuracy. And there arises question of determining of space which contains solution of initial or initial-boundary value problem for the system of moment equations of Boltzmann. For nonlinear Boltzmann equation the mass conservation law, momentum conservation law, energy conservation law and also H-theorem of Boltzmann are fair. By means of above mentioned laws and H-theorem of Boltzmann was proven existence of global at time solution of initial value and initialboundary value problems for nonlinear Boltzmann equation. Using analogues of mass conservation law and H-theorem of Boltzmann was proven existence of global at time solution of initial value problem for one dimensional nonlinear non-stationary system of moment equations of Boltzmann in second approximation. In work was proven the analogue of mass conservation law for one dimensional nonlinear non-stationary system of equations of Boltzmann in third approximation. Therefore establishment of analogues of conservation laws for system of moment equations of Boltzmann represents important and actual task for dynamics of rarefied gas, in particular, for theory of Boltzmann equation. In this work we prove the analogue of mass conservation law for one dimensional nonlinear nonstationary Boltzmann\'s system of moment equations in fifth approximation twelve moments system equations of Boltzmann. First we transforms the twelve moments system equations of Boltzmann to a canonical form then uses some internal property inherent only this system equations.
